Agreement of corneal high-order aberrations measured by three wavefront aberrometers in myopic adults / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To evaluate the agreement of corneal high-order aberrations from Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler and OPD-Scan Ⅲ wavefront aberrometers in myopic adults.METHODS:A prospective clinical study. A total of 92 adult patients(92 eyes)with myopia in the department of optometry, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from June to August 2022 were enrolled. The third-order and fourth-order corneal aberrations at the pupil diameter of 4 and 6mm were measured by Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler, and OPD-Scan Ⅲ, respectively. The difference and agreement of the three aberrometers were evaluated.RESULTS: The measurements at 6mm pupil diameter were all greater than those at 4mm pupil diameter. Although there were no statistical differences in the measurements of Z-44、Z-24 by the three aberrometers at 4 pupil diameter(P>0.05), there were statistical differences in other measurements(P<0.05). The aberration results measured by the three aberrometers were statistically different at the 6mm pupil diameter(P<0.05). The 95% limit of agreement(95%LoA)of the measurements of higher-order aberration, including the third-order aberrations at 4mm pupil diameter and the third-order and fourth-order aberrations at 6mm pupil diameter(except for the Z-24)were greater than 0.1μm. The concordance correlation coefficient(Pc)was lower than 0.90, indicating a poor consistency. The correlation coefficients of corneal higher-order aberrations were significantly different among the three aberrometers at 4 and 6mm pupil diameter(r4mm=0.215～0.805, P4mm<0.05; r6mm=0.561～0.916, P6mm<0.001).CONCLUSION:There were significant differences in the measurements of the third- and fourth-order corneal aberrations at 4 and 6mm pupil diameter among Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler, and OPD-Scan Ⅲ, and the agreements were poor, so they are not interchangeably in clinical applications.

Application of cocrystal separation technology in the separation and purification of genistein-puerarin-daidzein ternary system / 药学学报

Cocrystal separation technology is a technology that utilizes coformers to selectively form cocrystals with target compounds and separate them from mixed systems. Our study used puerarin (PUE), daidzein (DDZ), and genistein (GEN) as model drugs, which have similar structures and are the main isoflavones in Pueraria lobata root. The separation and purification processes in the modern traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) of these three components use conventional column chromatography, recrystallization, and other technologies, which have the issues of lengthy separation cycles, high solvent consumption, and inefficient preparation. Different with existing separation technology, our team used the early-found cocrystal separation method to design a step-by-step extraction and separation experiment of GEN-PUE-DDZ ternary mixture. Caffeine and L-proline were added to the mixed system in turn, GEN-caffeine cocrystal and PUE-proline cocrystal were prepared by suspension method. The cocrystals precipitated out of the solution. The purities of the GEN-caffeine cocrystal and the PUE-proline cocrystal could achieve 93% (the purity of GEN) and 99% (the purity of PUE). Besides, the purity of DDZ could also be increased by 6.76 times. This study proposed a simple operating, low cost and wide application range separation method different from the traditional separation method and realized the separation of structurally similar chemical components in TCM, laying a foundation for the application of cocrystal technology in the separation and refining of TCM.

Clinical Anslysis of Primary Adrenal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of one patient with primary adrenal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (PANKTCL), and to strengthen the understanding of this rare type of lymphoma.@*METHODS@#The clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment process, and prognosis of the patient admitted in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Combined with pathology, imaging, bone marrow examination， etc, the patient was diagnosed with PANKTCL (CA stage, stage II; PINK-E score 3, high-risk group). Six cycles of "P-GemOx+VP-16" regimen（gemcitabine 1 g/m2 d1 + oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 d 1 + etoposide 60 mg/m2 d 2-4 + polyethylene glycol conjugated asparaginase 3 750 IU d 5） was performed, and complete response was assessed in 4 cycles. Maintenance therapy with sintilimab was administered after the completion of chemotherapy. Eight months after the complete response, the patient experienced disease recurrence and underwent a total of four courses of chemotherapy, during which hemophagocytic syndrome occurred. The patient died of disease progression 1 month later.@*CONCLUSION@#PANKTCL is rare, relapses easily, and has a worse prognosis. The choice of the "P-GemOx+VP-16" regimen combined with sintilimab help to improve the survival prognosis of patient with non-upper aerodigestive tract natural killer /T-cell lymphoma.

Efficacy and Safety of Decitabine Combined with Modified EIAG Regimen in the Treatment of Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia and High-risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the efficacy, prognosis and safety of decitabine combined with modified EIAG regimen in the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 44 patients with relapsed/refractory AML and high-risk MDS admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were equally divided into D-EIAG group (decitabine combined with EIAG regimen) and D-CAG group (decitabine combined with CAG regimen) according to clinical treatment regimen. The complete response (CR), CR with incomplete hematologic recover (CRi), morphologic leukemia-free state (MLFS), partial response (PR), overall response rate (ORR), modified composite complete response (mCRc), overall survival (OS) time, 1-year OS rate, myelosuppression and adverse reactions between the two groups were compared.@*RESULTS@#In D-EIAG group, 16 patients (72.7%) achieved mCRc (CR+CRi+MLFS), 3 patients (13.6%) achieved PR, and ORR (mCRc+PR) was 86.4%. In D-CAG group, 9 patients (40.9%) achieved mCRc, 6 patients (27.3%) achieved PR, and ORR was 68.2%. Difference was observed in mCRc rate between the two groups (P=0.035), but not in ORR (P>0.05). The median OS time of D-EIAG group and D-CAG group was 20 (2-38) months and 16 (3-32) months, and 1-year OS rate was 72.7% and 59.1%, respectively. There was no significant difference in 1-year OS rate between the two groups (P>0.05). After induction chemotherapy, the median time for absolute neutrophil count recovery to 0.5×109/L in D-EIAG group and D-CAG group was 14 (10-27) d and 12 (10-26) d, for platelet count recovery to 20×109/L was 15 (11-28) d and 14 (11-24)d, the median red blood cell suspension transfusion volume was 8 (6-12) U and 6 (6-12) U, and the median apheresis platelet transfusion volume was 4 (2-8) U and 3 (2-6) U, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in comparison of the above indicators between the two groups (P>0.05). The hematological adverse reactions of patients were mainly myelosuppression. Grade III-IV hematological adverse events occurred in both groups (100%), with no increase in the incidence of non-hematological toxicities such as gastrointestinal reactions or liver function damage.@*CONCLUSION@#Decitabine combined with EIAG regimen in the treatment of relapsed/refractory AML and high-risk MDS can improve remission rate, provide an opportunity for subsequent therapies, and have no increase in adverse reactions compared with D-CAG regimen.

3D-printed vertebral body in anterior spinal reconstruction after total spondylectomy for patients with cervical chordoma / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether 3D-printed artificial vertebral body can reduce prosthesis subsidence rate for patients with cervical chordomas, through comparing the rates of prosthesis subsidence between 3D printing artificial vertebral body and titanium mesh for anterior spinal reconstruction after total spondylectomy.@*METHODS@#This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent surgical treatment for cervical chordoma at our hospital from March 2005 to September 2019. There were nine patients in the group of 3D artificial vertebral body (3D group), and 15 patients in the group of titanium mesh cage (Mesh group). The patients' characteristics and treatment data were extracted from the medical records, including age, gender, CT hounsfield unit of cervical vertebra and surgical information, such as the surgical segments, time and blood loss of surgery, frequency and degree of prosthesis subsidence after surgery. Radiographic observations of prosthesis subsidence during the follow-up, including X-rays, CT, and magnetic resonance imaging were also collected. SPSS 22.0 was used to analysis the data.@*RESULTS@#There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender, age, CT hounsfield unit, surgical segments, time of surgery, blood loss of posterior surgery and total blood loss. Blood loss of anterior surgery was 700 (300, 825) mL in 3D group and 1 500 (750, 2 800) mL in Mesh group (P < 0.05). The prosthesis subsidence during the follow-up, 3 months after surgery, there was significant difference between the two groups in mild prosthesis subsidence (P < 0.05). The vertebral height of the 3D group decreased less than 1 mm in eight cases (no prosthesis subsidence) and more than 1 mm in one case (mild prosthesis subsidence). The vertebral height of the Mesh group decreased less than 1 mm in five cases (no prosthesis subsidence), and more than 1 mm in eight cases (mild prosthesis subsidence). Two patients did not have X-rays in 3 months after surgery. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the prosthesis subsidence rate at the end of 12 months (P < 0.01). The vertebral height of eight cases in the 3D group decreased less than 1 mm (no prosthesis subsidence) and one case more than 3 mm (severe prosthesis subsidence). Four of the 15 cases in the Mesh group decreased less than 1 mm (no prosthesis subsidence), two cases more than 1 mm (mild prosthesis subsidence), and nine cases more than 3 mm (severe prosthesis subsidence). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the prosthesis subsidence rate at the end of 24 months (P < 0.01). The vertebral height of seven cases in the 3D group decreased less than 1 mm (no prosthesis subsidence), one case more than 3 mm (severe prosthesis subsidence), and one case died with tumor. One case in the Mesh group decreased less than 1 mm (no prosthesis subsidence), one case more than 1 mm (mild prosthesis subsidence), 11 case more than 3 mm (severe prosthesis subsidence), one case died with tumor and one lost the follow-up. Moreover, at the end of 12 months and 24 months, there was significant difference between the two groups in severe prosthesis subsidence rate (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#3D-printed artificial vertebral body for anterior spinal reconstruction after total spondylectomy for patients with cervical chordoma can provide reliable spinal stability, and reduce the incidence of prosthesis subsidence after 2-year follow-up.

Mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction in treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, network pharmacology, and experimental verification / 中国中药杂志

The study identified the blood-entering components of Sijunzi Decoction after gavage administration in rats by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, and investigated the mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction in treating Alzheimer's disease by virtue of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification. The blood-entering components of Sijunzi Decoction were identified based on the mass spectra and data from literature and databases. The potential targets of the above-mentioned blood-entering components in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease were searched against PharmMapper, OMIM, DisGeNET, GeneCards, and TTD. Next, STRING was employed to establish a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network. DAVID was used to perform the Gene Ontology(GO) annotation and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment. Cytoscape 3.9.0 was used to carry out visual analysis. AutoDock Vina and PyMOL were used for molecular docking of the blood-entering components with the potential targets. Finally, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) signaling pathway enriched by the KEGG analysis was selected for validation by animal experiments. The results showed that 17 blood-entering components were detected in the serum samples after administration. Among them, poricoic acid B, liquiritigenin, atractylenolide Ⅱ, atractylenolide Ⅲ, ginsenoside Rb_1, and glycyrrhizic acid were the key components of Sijunzi Decoction in treating Alzheimer's disease. HSP90AA1, PPARA, SRC, AR, and ESR1 were the main targets for Sijunzi Decoction to treat Alzheimer's disease. Molecular docking showed that the components bound well with the targets. Therefore, we hypothesized that the mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction in treating Alzheimer's disease may be associated with the PI3K/Akt, cancer treatment, and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathways. The results of animal experiments showed that Sijunzi Decoction significantly attenuated the neuronal damage in the hippocampal dentate gyrus area, increased the neurons, and raised the ratios of p-Akt/Akt and p-PI3K/PI3K in the hippocampus of mice. In conclusion, Sijunzi Decoction may treat Alzheimer's disease by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The findings of this study provide a reference for further studies about the mechanism of action and clinical application of Sijunzi Decoction.

Authenticity discrimination of Pulsatillae Radix based on dry-process REIMS fingerprinting combined with machine learning / 中国中药杂志

In this study, rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry(REIMS) fingerprints of 388 samples of roots of Pulsatilla chinensis(PC) and its common counterfeits, roots of P. cernua and roots of Anemone tomentosa were analyzed based on REIMS combined with machine learning. The samples were determined by REIMS through dry burning, and the REIMS data underwent cluster analysis, similarity analysis(SA), and principal component analysis(PCA). After dimensionality reduction by PCA, the data were analyzed by similarity analysis and self-organizating map(SOM), followed by modeling. The results indicated that the REIMS fingerprints of the samples showed the characteristics of variety differences and the SOM model could accurately distinguish PC, P. cernua, and A. tomentosa. REIMS combined with machine learning algorithm has a broad application prospect in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.

Reaction speed training in volleyball / Treinamento de velocidade de reação no voleibol / Entrenamiento de velocidad de reacción en el voleibol

ABSTRACT Introduction: Volleyball is a team sport where winning the confrontation at the net largely determines characteristics. Volleyball players must constantly strive to improve team cooperation, defensive ability, and speed skills to improve their ability to perform over the net. Objective: Establish a fixed intensity load model for speed training on the athlete's visual response in volleyball. Methods: This paper selected several volleyball players as research subjects, randomly divided into two groups (regular training and experimental groups). The experimental group was subjected to a visual response speed training protocol based on routine training. Mathematical statistics were employed to analyze the athletes' reaction speed and defensive ability against the net. Results: The qualities analyzed, mainly movement speed, swing speed, agility, and endurance for fast swing and fast movement, showed a significant differential after the intervention. The speed response was concentrated in the center of body balance. The lower limbs increased the endurance for speed. After visual reaction speed training, the experimental group's ability to cope with attacks on the net was statistically superior (P<0.05). Conclusion: The proposed protocol can improve the reaction speed training of volleyball players. Volleyball players should reinforce reaction speed training daily to perform better close to the net. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O voleibol é um esporte coletivo e suas características de vitória são determinadas em grande parte pelo confronto em rede. Os jogadores de vôlei devem se esforçar constantemente para melhorar a cooperação da equipe, a capacidade defensiva e habilidades de velocidade para melhorar a capacidade de atuarem pela a rede. Objetivo: Estabelecer um modelo de carga de intensidade fixa para o treinamento de velocidade na resposta visual do atleta em voleibol. Métodos: Este trabalho seleciona vários jogadores de vôlei como objetos de pesquisa, divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos (grupos de treinamento regular e grupos experimentais). O grupo experimental teve o diferencial de ser submetido a um protocolo treinamento de velocidade de resposta visual baseado no treinamento de rotina. Estatísticas matemáticas foram empregadas para analisar a velocidade de reação dos atletas e a capacidade defensiva contra a rede. Resultados: As qualidades analisadas, principalmente velocidade de movimento, velocidade de balanço, agilidade e resistência para balanço rápido e movimento rápido mostraram um diferencial significativo após a intervenção. A velocidade de resposta concentrou-se no centro de equilíbrio corporal. A resistência para a velocidade foi incrementada pelos membros inferiores. Após o treinamento da velocidade de reação visual, a capacidade do grupo experimental de enfrentar os ataques sobre a rede foi estatisticamente superior (P<0,05). Conclusão: O treinamento da velocidade de reação dos jogadores de vôlei pode ser aprimorado com o protocolo proposto. Os jogadores de vôlei devem reforçar o treinamento da velocidade de reação em seu treinamento diário afim de uma melhor capacidade de atuação próxima à rede. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El voleibol es un deporte de equipo y sus características ganadoras están determinadas en gran medida por el enfrentamiento en la red. Los jugadores de voleibol deben esforzarse constantemente por mejorar la cooperación en equipo, la capacidad defensiva y las habilidades de velocidad para mejorar su capacidad de actuación sobre la red. Objetivo: Establecer un modelo de carga de intensidad fija para el entrenamiento de velocidad sobre la respuesta visual del deportista en el voleibol. Métodos: Este trabajo selecciona a varios jugadores de voleibol como sujetos de investigación, divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos (grupos de entrenamiento regular y grupos experimentales). El grupo experimental tuvo el diferencial de ser sometido a un protocolo de entrenamiento de la velocidad de respuesta visual basado en el entrenamiento rutinario. Se emplearon estadísticas matemáticas para analizar la velocidad de reacción y la capacidad defensiva de los atletas contra la red. Resultados: Las cualidades analizadas, principalmente la velocidad de movimiento, la velocidad de balanceo, la agilidad y la resistencia para el balanceo rápido y el movimiento rápido mostraron un diferencial significativo después de la intervención. La velocidad de respuesta se concentró en el centro de equilibrio del cuerpo. La resistencia para la velocidad se incrementó en los miembros inferiores. Tras el entrenamiento de la velocidad de reacción visual, la capacidad del grupo experimental para afrontar los ataques sobre la red fue estadísticamente superior (P<0,05). Conclusión: El entrenamiento de la velocidad de reacción de los jugadores de voleibol puede mejorar con el protocolo propuesto. Los jugadores de voleibol deben reforzar el entrenamiento de la velocidad de reacción en su formación diaria para mejorar su capacidad de actuación cerca de la red. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Epidemic characteristics of anthrax in Chengde City， Hebei Province from 2005 to 2021 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo determine the epidemic characteristics of anthrax in Chengde City， Hebei Province from 2005 to 2021， and to provide evidence for formulating prevention and control measures of anthrax and reducing incidence rate. MethodsThis study collected the data of anthrax epidemic in Chengde City and conducted descriptive analysis. ResultsFrom 2005 to 2021， a total of 11 anthrax cases were reported in Chengde City with no death. The average incidence rate was 0.08/105， which remained low. Furthermore， 10 cases were cutaneous anthrax and 1 case was pulmonary anthrax. The cases were mainly reported in Weichang County， accounting for 90.91% of the total reported cases， followed by Pingquan City. In addition， the cases were mainly reported from July to August and mainly between 30 and 59 years old with a gender ratio of 2.67∶1. ConclusionThe anthrax epidemic in Chengde City is likely to increase. It mainly occurs in summer， rural areas， and male young and middle-aged farmers. It is necessary to improve epidemic monitoring， health education， disease prevention capacity， early identification of the epidemic， and active response.

Infrared spectral band screening based on partial least squares is used for the quantitative analysis of mannitol-calcium chloride cocrystal / 药学学报

Mannitol-calcium chloride metal organic framework (MOF) cocrystal significantly improved the tabletability of β-mannitol and could be developed as a new tablet filler. However, mannitol monomer was found in the product during the scale-up production of the excipient, which significantly affected the functional properties of the excipient. In this study, we intend to quantify the multi-component eutectic system of mannitol-calcium chloride. In this experiment, the MOF cocrystal excipient mannitol-calcium chloride cocrystal was used as the model compound, and infrared spectrum was collected. Based on partial least squares regression (PLSR) method, the abnormal bands were removed and the spectrum was preprocessed by normalization. The quantitative correction model of mannitol-calcium chloride MOF cocrystal content in cocrystal excipients was established and compared by two different variable screening methods, genetic algorithm (GA) and competitive adaptive reweighting algorithm (CARS). Two different variable screening methods, GA method and CARS method, were used to screen out 160 and 14 variables, respectively. The mannitol-calcium chloride cocrystal model established by CARS-PLSR method had the best performance, and the average relative error (MRE) and corrected root mean square error (RMSEC) of the model were 0.008 8 and 0.892 5, respectively, the determination coefficient (R2) of the model was increased from 0.978 3 to 0.994 4. The quantitative method of eutectic system established in this study has high prediction accuracy, fast detection speed and good stability, which is of great significance for optimizing the preparation process conditions and quality control methods of such eutectic excipients.

Establishment of a prognostic prediction model for pancreatic cancer based on endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress genes in the prognosis of pancreatic cancer， and to establish a prognostic prediction model based on the prognostic markers for pancreatic cancer. MethodsTranscriptome sequencing data were downloaded from TCGA and GTEx databases， and MsigDB website was used to obtain endoplasmic reticulum stress genes. A univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to obtain the genes associated with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer， and a consensus clustering analysis was used to construct the molecular typing of pancreatic cancer， while the differentially expressed genes between the two subgroups were obtained. A Lasso regression analysis was used to obtain the core genes associated with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer， which were used to construct a prognostic prediction model for pancreatic cancer. Related datasets were obtained from the GEO database to validate the predictive performance of the model. The CIBERSORT analysis was used to investigate the correlation between risk score and immune infiltration. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of genes in pancreatic cancer tissue and cell lines. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. Survival was compared using Log-rank test. The predictive value of the model was evaluated by evaluating the area under the ROC curve. ResultsThe endoplasmic reticulum stress genes CEBPB， MARCKS， PMAIP1， and UBXN10 were independent risk factors for the prognosis of pancreatic cancer， and based on the expression characteristics of these genes， the TCGA pancreatic cancer cohort was divided into two subgroups， i.e.， cluster A and cluster B， while the cluster A patients had a significantly shorter overall survival time than the cluster B patients （P<0.01）. The Lasso regression analysis obtained 5 core genes from the differentially expressed genes affecting the prognosis of pancreatic cancer， and the risk scoring system was established as risk score=0.156×CDA+0.135×AHNAK2+0.020×RHOV+0.095×LY6D+0.054×SPRR1B. The ROC curve analysis showed that this model had good overall predictive performance， with the area under the ROC curve of 0.731 at 1 year， 0.712 at 3 years， and 0.686 at 5 years， and the low-risk group based on this model had a significantly longer overall survival time than the high-risk group （χ2=11.733， P=0.001）. The model showed good predictive performance in the external dataset GSE57495. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that the expression levels of CDA， AHNAK2， RHOV， LY6D， and SPRR1B in 40 pancreatic cancer tissue samples were significantly upregulated compared with those in normal adjacent tissue samples （t=2.529， 2.458， 3.314， 3.583， and 5.082， all P<0.05）. ConclusionThe expression characteristics of CDA， AHNAK2， RHOV， LY6D， and SPRR1B can be used to predict the prognosis of pancreatic cancer， and the high expression levels of these genes are associated with the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients.

Considerations on investigation on quality standard of Chinese patent medicine / 药学学报

Chinese patent medicine (CPM) is an important part of traditional and Chinese medicine (TCM). Its quality has direct impact on the safety and effectiveness of clinical use. The quality standard is the pivotal approach to guarantee the quality of CPM. Due to the complex material basis, multitudinous quality influencing factors and unveiled active ingredients, dose-effect relationship and action mechanism, the investigation on quality standard faces many difficulties. This paper surveys the current quality status of CPM and the general situation of CPM standards. At present, the dosing problem has the crucial impact on the quality of CPM. The current quality standard system of CPM is confirmed and the limitations are indicated. Based on the above analysis, the principles and considerations on investigation of quality standard are proposed as follows: ① Adhere to safety as the bottom line, strengthen the risk-control ability of the standard of CPM; ② Adhere to theory of TCM and comprehensive quality, improve the integrative control level of the CPM standard; ③ Emphasize technological development and innovation, promote the quality control competence of CPM standard; ④ Facilitate planning and coordination, optimize the management of the CPM standard system; ⑤ Reinforce investigation on evaluation method, develop grade evaluation standard, accelerate high-quality development of CPM. Finally, the future perspective on investigation of CPM quality standard is prospected.

Epidemiology of pathogenic tick-borne viruses in China: a review / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Ticks are obligate, haematophagous arthropods that are distributed across the world, which may transmit more than 200 pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and parasites. A large number of tick species are widespread in China, and their transmitting tick-borne viral diseases pose a great threat to human health in endemic foci. This review describes the epidemiology of common, emerging and potentially pathogenic tick-borne viruses in China, and recommends the assessment of public health significance and pathogenicity of emerging tick-borne viruses using reverse microbial etiology, so as to provide insights into the management of emerging tick-borne diseases in China.

Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus ST6 and ST7 isolates from food-borne illness outbreaks / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the Staphylococcal enterotoxins, Staphylococcal enterotoxin genes, drug resistance and molecular typing of 41 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 2 food-borne illness outbreaks on 21 August and 27 September 2020 in Guangzhou. Methods: A total of 41 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from 2 outbreaks were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and spa typing. The Staphylococcal enterotoxins typing and the Staphylococcal enterotoxin genes of the isolates were analyzed by ELISA and PCR, respectively. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was performed by disc diffusion. 21 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were characterized using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Based on the whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), the phylogenetic tree was constructed by Snippy. Results: 41 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were divided into 2 types by MLST and spa typing: ST6-t701 and ST7-t091. 2 ST7-t091 isolates were identified as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). 25 ST7-t091 isolates and 14 ST6-t701 isolates were methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), and were resistant to 7 and 6 antibiotics, respectively. All isolates were positive for sea by PCR. WGS revealed all 21 isolates carried scn, sak, sea, hla, hld, hlgA, hlgB, hlgC, lukD virulence genes. The results showed the isolates contained an immune evasion cluster type D which located in bacteriophage ϕSa3. The SNP phylogenetic tree showed 2 MRSA ST7-t091 were constituted a separate clade from the 12 MSSA ST7-t091 isolates and 7 ST6-t701 isolates showed high similarity to each other. Conclusion: Base on the results of phylogenetic analysis, the 2 food-borne illness outbreaks occurred on 21 August and 27 September 2020 are caused by the combination of the MRSA ST7-t091 strain and the MSSA ST7-t091 strain, and the MSSA ST6-t701 strain, respectively. All isolates have high level of antibiotic resistance and carry high virulent genes.

Mechanism of Sinitang against Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury： Prediction Based on Network Pharmacology and Verification by Cellular Experiments / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo predict the mechanism of Sinitang in treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury （MI/RI） based on network pharmacology and verify the prediction results by cellular experiments. MethodThe traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology database and analysis platform （TCMSP） was employed for retrieval of the main components and potential targets of Sinitang. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM） and GeneCards were employed to obtain the targets of Sinitang in treating MI/RI. STRING was employed to construct the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network， and DAVID to perform gene ontology （GO） annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment. Finally， cellular experiments were carried out to verify the predicted anti-MI/RI mechanism of Sinitang. ResultA total of 105 active ingredients and 234 targets of Sinitang were screened out， among which 116 targets were predicted to be involved in the treatment of MI/RI. The GO annotation gave 587 entries， including 417 biological process entries， 101 cell component entries， and 69 molecular function entries. The KEGG analysis enriched 125 signaling pathways， involving vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt）， forkhead box transcription factor O （FoxO）， hypoxia-inducible factor-1 （HIF-1） apoptosis and other signaling pathways. The results of cell viability assay showed that Sinitang increased the survival rate of H9C2 cells damaged by hypoxia/reoxygenation （H/R）. Sinitang decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and creatine kinase-MB （CK-MB） in H9C2 cells damaged by H/R. The results of flow cytometry demonstrated that Sinitang decreased the apoptosis rate of H9C2 cells damaged by H/R. Western blot showed that Sinitang down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 related X protein （Bax） and up-regulated that of B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2） in H/R-injured H9C2 cells. ConclusionSinitang treats MI/RI in a multi-target and multi-pathway manner， which involves the signaling pathways associated with apoptosis.

The clinical outcomes of elderly acute leukemia patients receiving allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and application of comprehensive nursing care / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the clinical outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in elderly patients with acute leukemia and the role of comprehensive nursing. 【Methods】 The data of 52 elderly patients with acute leukemia during the treatment of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were collected. According to the characteristics of elderly patients, 52 patients were given comprehensive nursing measures such as psychological, protective isolation, dietary management and specialized nursing. Stem cell engraftment, transplant complications and survival rates were observed in patients with comprehensive nursing support. 【Results】 All patients received comprehensive care. Of the 52 patients, 49 (94.2%) achieved neutrophil engraftment, with a median engraftment time of 12 days (9~19 days), and 45 patients (86.5%) achieved platelet engraftment with a median engraftment time of 13 days (9~35 days). The cumulative incidence of Ⅱ-Ⅳ°acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was 26.9%, and the cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 28.5%. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurred in 15 cases, with a cumulative incidence rate of 37.5%, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection occurred in 5 cases, with a cumulative incidence rate of 9.9%. Bloodstream bacterial infection occurred in 8 patients with a cumulative incidence of 9.6%. With a median follow-up of 226 days (71~2 365 days), 39 patients survived and 13 died. The 1-year overall survival (OS) was 71.4%, and the OS and disease free survival (DFS) of patients with negative minimal residual disease (MRD) were both 100%. OS and DFS in MRD positive group were 59.2% and 48.1%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Elderly patients with acute leukemia who receive allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can also achieve long-term survival. Taking targeted preventive and nursing measures can ensure the success rate of transplantation.

Efficacy of combined local flaps in repair of larger defects in the nasal and perinasal region after Mohs micrographic surgery in 11 cases / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate efficacy and advantages of combined local flaps in repairing large defects in patients with nasal and perinasal non-melanoma skin cancers after Mohs micrographic surgery.Methods:From March 2018 to November 2020, 11 patients with nasal and perinasal non-melanoma skin cancers, who underwent Mohs micrographic surgery followed by repair with combined local flaps, were collected from Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University. According to the location and size of postoperative defects, flaps were designed based on the nasal aesthetic subunit principle. For large defects that could not be directly sutured or covered by a single local flap, 2 or 3 kinds of flaps were applied in combination, such as kite flap, modified diamond flap, nasolabial skin flap, bilobed skin flap, etc.Results:Among the 11 patients, 10 were diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma and 1 with squamous cell carcinoma, and the area of defects ranged from 2.0 cm × 2.3 cm to 2.7 cm × 3.6 cm. After Mohs micrographic surgery combined with local skin flap repair, all skin flaps survived well without blood supply obstruction, the texture, color and contour of the skin flaps were similar to those of the surrounding normal skin, and no obvious scars were formed. During the postoperative follow-up of 4 to 32 months, no recurrence of the tumors occurred, and the patients was satisfied with the appearance.Conclusion:To repair large defects using combined skin flaps of 2 or 3 kinds after Mohs micrographic surgery in patients with nasal and perinasal non-melanoma skin cancers can maintain the normal nasal or perinasal morphological structure and aesthetic appearance, and yield a satisfactory cosmetic effect.

A pair of new phenylpropanoid enantiomers from Cordia dichotoma fruits / 药学学报

The ethyl acetate part of the alcoholic extract of Cordia dichotoma fruits was purified by a combination of normal-phase silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC, and the structure was identified by modern spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, MS, NMR). A total of 10 compounds were isolated and identified as cordilide (1), (S)-2-hydroxy-3-(4′-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid (2), vanillic acid (3), p-coumaric acid (4), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one (5), benzoic acid (6), p-hydroxypropiophenone (7), p-hydroxyacetophenone (8), 5′-methoxyevofolin B (9) and vanillin (10). Among them, compound 1 is a pair of new phenylpropanoid enantiomers, and compounds 3, 6, 8 and 9 were isolated for the first time from the genus.

Identification of traditional Chinese drugs containing active ingredients for treating myocardial infarction and analysis of their therapeutic mechanisms by network pharmacology and molecular docking / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To identify traditional Chinese drugs that contain active ingredients for treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) and explore their therapeutic mechanisms using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.@*METHODS@#The TCMSP database was used for screening the traditional Chinese drugs containing active ingredients for treating MI, and the related targets of MI and the candidate drugs were obtained from Genecards, OMIM, PharmGkb and PharmMapper databases. The common target network of the drug targets and disease targets was established using Venny2.1.0 software. GO and KEGG signal pathway enrichment analysis of the common targets was performed, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed for the targets. The targets in the PPI network were analyzed to identify the key targets, for which GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Molecular docking was performed for the candidate ingredients and the key targets, and a total score ≥6 was used as the criteria for screening the therapeutic ingredients and their docking binding with key targets was verified. A human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) model of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was used to validate the candidate ingredients and the key therapeutic targets for MI by Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Our analysis identified Salvia miltiorrhiza and Dalbergiae odoriferae as the candidate drugs rich in active ingredients for treatment of MI. These ingredients involved 16 key therapeutic targets for MI, which participated in such biological processes as inflammatory response, angiogenesis, energy metabolism and oxidative stress and the pathways including HIF-1, VEGF, and TNF pathways. Sclareol and PTGS2 in Salvia miltiorrhiza and formononetin and KDR in Dalbergiae odoriferae all had high docking total scores. Western blotting showed that at medium and high doses, sclareol significantly inhibited PTGS2 expression and formononetin promoted KDR expressions in the cell models in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Both Salvia miltiorrhiza and Dalbergiae odoriferae have good therapeutic effects on MI. Sclareol in Salvia miltiorrhiza and formononetin in Dalbergiae odoriferae regulate the expressions of KDR and PTGS2, respectively, to modulate the inflammatory response, angiogenesis, oxidative stress and energy metabolism and thus produce myocardial protective effects.

Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of muscle regions of meridians needling method for refractory facial paralysis based on infrared thermal imaging technology / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of muscle regions of meridians needling method for refractory facial paralysis affecting different locations.Methods: A total of 110 participants were randomized into an observation group and a control group, with 55 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with muscle regions of meridians needling method, and the control group was treated with conventional facial three-line needling method. The clinical efficacy was evaluated four weeks after the treatment. And the infrared imaging spectra of the two groups were examined. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and its curative effect for refractory facial paralysis located above the geniculate ganglion was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The color scale distribution of different disease locations in the two groups varied significantly (P<0.05), the higher the disease location, the higher the occurrence rate of cool zone and low temperature zone. After treatment, the reductions of the facial and periotic temperature difference between the healthy side and the affected side in the observation group were statistically different from those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Muscle regions of meridians needling method has a better effect than facial three-line needling method for refractory facial paralysis. It can promote the microcirculation of the affected side of the face, improve the blood and oxygen supply to local tissues, and thus promote the repair of the peripheral facial nerve.